This article combined the planting performance of the hybrid medium indica rice variety Weiliangyou 8612 in the demonstration area of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and summarized and analyzed the intensive cultivation techniques of this variety. The planting of Weiliangyou 8612 in the demonstration area showed a suitable growth period, with upright leaves, compact plant shape, thick and robust stems that were resistant to lodging. During the mature stage, the straw was green and the seeds were yellow, with large panicles and many grains, resulting in higher yields. The intensive cultivation techniques for this variety include precise and precise sowing, precise soil preparation, scientific management of fertilizer and water, timely and appropriate drug control for diseases, pests, and weeds, as well as timely harvesting. The research results provided a reference for the promotion and planting of Weiliangyou 8612 in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and similar regions.

Shenyou 28 is a hybrid japonica rice variety using the male sterile line Shen 21A and the restoring line Shenhui 26-28. This article introduced the characteristics of Shenyou 28 variety and summarized the whole mechanized and efficient seed production technology, including seed selection, control of sowing time, regulation of flowering period, mechanical leaf cutting, mechanical assisted pollination, harvesting and drying, to providing technical guidance for hybrid rice seed production. This variety had comprehensive advantages such as early maturity, high yield, excellent rice quality, and strong disease resistance. In order to fully tap into the yield potential of Shenyou 28, its high-yield cultivation techniques had been summarized from the aspects of timely sowing, fertilizer operation, slurry management, and suitable harvest, providing reference for the promotion and demonstration of new varieties.

为了解各水稻品种的特征特性,筛选出适宜长江中下游地区种植的高产优质水稻品种,本文以镇糯20、武育糯180等4个水稻示范品种,凯粳糯88、徽粳糯125和当禾糯908等12个水稻展示品种为研究对象,开展了水稻品种示范展示试验,比较分析了各参试品种的生育期、种植表现和产量水平。结果表明,各参试水稻品种在试验田当年气候条件下,抽穗时间8月26—28日,均在9月5日前安全齐穗,各品种种植表现良好,抗倒伏和抗病性较好;示范品种镇糯762和荃香糯3号产量较高,展示品种武香糯7368、凯粳糯88产量较高。综合各品种的生长特性和产量结果,品种镇糯762、荃香糯3号适宜在长江中下游地区推广种植。

本文对二化螟的发生规律及其危害情况进行总结分析,提出了水稻二化螟的防治方法,为水稻生产中二化螟防治提供参考。该虫害二化螟发生具有主代危害重,二三代间歇性重发;区域间发生程度差异较大;危害时间较长,世代交替明显的特点。不同年份间二化螟发生程度受虫口基数、气候、二化螟抗药性及防治方法等因素影响。二化螟防治可采取农业防治、物理防治、生物防治和药剂防治等措施。其中农业防治包括调整结构,合理布局;翻耕灭茬,灌水灭蛹等措施;物理防治包括诱虫灯、性诱剂等措施;生物防治包括天敌、趋性等措施;药剂防治需要注意选择合适的防治时间、防治药剂和防治方法。

This article introduced the breeding process and characteristic characteristics of Xuanjingnuo No.7, and summarized the high-yield cultivation techniques as a wheat stubble rice from two cultivation models: machine transplanting and live broadcasting. Xuanjingnuo No.7 was an early maturing and late maturing glutinous rice variety developed through systematic breeding using Xuanjingnuo No.1 as the female parent and Jingnuo 86120-5 as the male parent. It had characteristics such as tolerance to late sowing, strong stress resistance, and wide adaptability, and was suitable for machine transplanting and direct seeding as wheat stubble rice cultivation. The principle of high-yield cultivation was to promote strong stems, large panicles, and increased grain weight on the basis of sufficient effective panicles, in conjunction with disease, insect, and weed control. Specific measures include timely and appropriate sowing, scientific fertilizer and water management, comprehensive prevention and control of diseases, pests and weeds, and timely harvesting. Machine transplanting also requires uniform planting and dense planting, and sufficient planting of basic seedlings. The purpose was to provide reference for the promotion and planting of this variety.

Rape is one of the important oilseed crops. Rice intercropping rape, as an important agricultural technology in rice-rape rotation production, is of great significance for improving grain and oil yield and achieving sustainable agricultural development. The advantages and key cultivation techniques of the rice intercropping rape model were analyzed in this article, provided a reference for promoting the rotation cultivation technology of rice-rape rotation.

In order to screen of high yield and quality as well as adaptable fresh corn varieties suitable for planting in southern Anhui Province, 16 experimental fresh corn, test varieties, such as Chuangtian and Xiangtiannuo 828 and two control varieties, Yuetian and Fengnuo 2146, were compared and analyzed for indexes in terms of growth period, main agronomic characters,stress resistance and yield in the southern Anhui Province. The results showed that in terms of the entire growth period, the tested varieties had a total growth period of 77-87 days. In terms of variety resistance, Cuimi 90 had average lodging and disease resistance, while Quantian 58 and Kenuo had average disease resistance. In terms of yield, Longpingtian 1502 in the sweet corn group increased by 13.40% compared to the control group, while Ditiannuo , Fengnuo 211, Caitiannuo 1703, Tianfunuo and Dongtiannuo 100 in the glutinous corn group increased by 17.92%, 19.52%, 10.7%, 26.65%, and 17.81% compared to the control group, respectively. These six corn varieties had better comprehensive performance, good agronomic traits, good resistance, and high yield, and were suitable for promotion and planting in southern Anhui Province.

Huixiangjing 977 is a japonica rice variety selected from Zhendao 14 as the female parent and Wuxiangjing 14 as the male parent. It was approved for variety review in 2022. This article analyzed the breeding process,agronomic characteristics, production performance,and main cultivation techniques of Huixiangjing 977. Huixiangjing 977 has the advantages of high-quality taste, high yield,large panicle,excellent comprehensive traits, and wide adaptability, making it suitable for planting in single season and double season late japonica rice regions in Anhui Province. The principles of high-yield cultivation techniques are to stabilize the foundation, compete for sufficient panicles, attack large panicles, improve grain weight and seed setting rate, in order to obtain higher quality and yield. The results provide a reference for the promotion and application of this variety.

The development of arable land reserve resources is one of the important guarantee for implementing the arable land protection system and balancing the occupation and compensation of actual arable land. This article uses the CiteSpace software system to analyze the current research status and context of the field of arable land reserve resources and clarifying future development trends. The result showsed that the research on arable land reserve resources focused on the protection and development of agricultural resources and land planning and utilization,with close academic cooperation in a small scope and less cross regional cooperation and exchange. Suitability evaluation, land development, and balance of occupation and compensation were the main research hotspots. The development process of research was divided into three stages: budding exploration, fluctuating development, and stable maturity. The research on potential evaluation and development protection runs through the development process, with cutting-edge development mainly focused on comprehensive land improvement, strengthening land transformation and utilization technology, and adhering to ecological sustainability and high-quality development. Future research should strengthen the exploration of marginal land potential, deepen development evaluation and theoretical system construction,strengthen the application of geographic information technology and ecological restoration technology research, and actively explore effective ways to achieve national spatial governance and food security through land consolidation.

Geographic Information System (GIS) technology plays an important role in modern forestry,The forestry construction practice was combined, the application of this technology in mordren forestry were summarized and analyzed. Its applications cover multiple aspects such as forest resource inventory and information management, forestry mapping, remote sensing image processing, forest logging design, afforestation planning and design, as well as forest fire and pest and diseases monitoring. In terms of forestry mapping, GIS technology has improved the accuracy and efficiency of mapping, providing strong support for forestry management. In addition, GIS technology also has functions such as data and image processing, providing important reference for forest logging and afforestation design. GIS technology also plays an irreplaceable role in forest protection and monitoring, especially in forest fire and pest monitoring, which can timely and accurately identify problems and take corresponding measures. In short, GIS technology has been widely applied in forestry production, providing scientific decision-making basis for forestry workers and promoting the development of modern forestry. With the continuous advancement of science and technology, GIS technology will play a more important role in forestry production.

In order to screen for high-quality and high-yield wheat stubble rice varieties suitable for promotion and cultivation in the southwestern region of Anhui, this study selected 12 varieties, including Longliangyou 8612 and Longliangyou 5438, and one control variety (Fengliangyou No.4) for variety comparison experiments. Comparative analysis was conducted from the aspects of growth period, agronomic traits, resistance, yield and yield composition factors. Four varieties with moderate growth period, good lodging resistance, and high yield and coordinated yield components were selected under the climatic conditions of that year, namely Quanyou 1606 (yield: 9 758.3 kg/hm²), Quanyou 822 (yield: 9 586.2 kg/hm²), Huiliangyou 898 (yield: 9 568.9 kg/hm²), and Yinliangyou 606 (yield: 9 368.9 kg/hm²), which could be promoted and planted as wheat stubble rice varieties in the region of research.

本文研究2019—2023年国审小麦品种的全生育期、株高、品质以及单产的变化趋势,分析了其在各麦区的分布情况以及与单产的关系。结果表明,（1）各麦区小麦的全生育期在2023年较前几年均有所缩短,5年间各麦区的全生育期分布趋势几乎一致,全生育期由短到长排序为东北、西北春麦区、长江上游麦区、长江中下游麦区、黄淮南片麦区、黄淮北片麦区、黄淮冬麦旱播组和北部冬麦区。（2）各麦区小麦株高年份间变化幅度较小,各麦区间差异较为明显。麦区间株高由高到低排序为东北、西北春麦区、长江上游麦区、长江中下游麦区、北部冬麦区、黄淮南片麦区和黄淮北片麦区、黄淮冬麦旱播组,在相同麦区,株高越高,单产越低。（3）国审小麦优质品种的数量逐年增加,数量分别为6、17、27、39和48个,中强筋小麦品种逐年增加,强筋和弱筋小麦品种有减少趋势,5年间审定弱筋小麦12个,中强筋麦89个,强筋麦37个。

Under the background of rural revitalization, the role of digital agriculture in promoting agricultural economic development was analyzed, including reducing agricultural production costs, improving agricultural product quality, enhancing agricultural product circulation efficiency, promoting industrial integration, and improving rural governance level. The current development status of digital agriculture were analyzed in three aspects: agricultural infrastructure, agricultural talent team, and digital agriculture technology. The effective ways for the development of digital agriculture were explored, including strengthening the construction of network information technology infrastructure, establishing a comprehensive digital agriculture industry chain system, cultivating versatile talents, and enhancing technology research and development as well as promotion and application. Intended to promote rural economic development, improve living standards, and boost rural industrial development through digital agricultural technology.

为加强对研究区农业气象强对流天气发生发展情况的分析和研究,利用高空观测中的位势高度、风向风速和温度等常规观测资料,地面自动站逐小时降水、风向风速及露点温度等地面加密资料,以及雷达回波等实况资料,对2023年6月11日研究区强对流天气的大气环境特征与触发机制进行分析。结果表明：（1）在500 hPa副高偏弱,受东部沿海低槽的槽后西北风拟制的情况下,中低层无明显辐合系统和低空西南急流,而在有利的不稳定层结、能量条件和触发机制共同作用下,研究区仍有可能出现强对流天气。由于中低层无明显辐合系统和低空西南急流,水汽输送和辐合条件较差,导致强降水的范围不大、强度较弱。（2）受高空500 hPa东部沿海低槽的槽后西北气流影响,高空有弱冷平流,低层有弱暖平流,为强对流天气的发生提供了一定的环流条件。本次强对流天气主要是由强烈的热力不稳定和对流触发条件造成的,对流有效位能达2 593.1 J/kg、对流稳定度指数Δθ_se850-500为17.8 ℃、K指数37.5 ℃、沙氏指数SI为-3.16 ℃、抬升指数LI达-7.38 ℃、下沉对流有效位能DCAPE达1 145.5 J/kg,有利于雷雨大风天气的发生。而动力不稳定条件较差,垂直风切变较弱,因而大冰雹不容易生成。（3）本次强对流天气是由地面中尺度辐合线,低层850、925 hPa和地面干线,925 hPa和地面湿舌等共同触发而产生的,其中850、925 hPa和地面的露点温度梯度分别达5.5、3.9和6.6 ℃/100 km。目的在于为后续的强对流天气预警预报提供参考。

本文以森林康养基地建设为研究对象,阐述了森林康养的内涵、要素、特征及意义,介绍了森林康养发展现状及森林康养基地建设的基本情况。通过实地调查及监测数据分析,总结了森林康养基地的建设成效,分析了森林康养基地目前面临的挑战,并提出了突出产品特色、形成产品体系、发挥市场主体作用以及注重生态保护等方面建议,为森林康养产业的高质量发展提供参考。

A variety comparison experiment on 9 soybean varieties, including Zhengdou 196, Pudou 206, and Qihuang 34 was conducted in Nanyang City, Henan Province. The growth process, plant traits, seed traits, and yield were analyzed as indicators. The results showed that the top 5 varieties in terms of yield in the experimental field were Qihuang 34 (4 325.3 kg/hm²), Zhonghuang 37 (4 015.6 kg/hm²), Pudou 206 (3 871.2 kg/hm²), Zhoudou 46 (3 816.3 kg/hm²), and Zhonghuang 61(3 425.6 kg/hm²), with a total growth period of 110-117 days. In terms of plant type, except for Zhoudou 46 which was compact, the other four varieties were convergent. Except for Pudou 206 and Zhonghuang 37, which had sub limited pod setting characteristics, the rest had limited pod setting habits. In terms of seed characteristics, Zhoudou 46 had yellow round and brown navel seeds, while Qihuang 34 had yellow oval and black navel seeds. The other three varieties had yellow oval and brown navel seeds. Except for Qihuang 34, which had no luster, the other four varieties show a faint or glossy appearance. This indicates that the agronomic and yield structure factors of five varieties, including Zhengdou 196, are relatively coordinated and can be promoted for planting in the study area and similar ecological locations.

Biochar is a kind of solid carbon material produced by high temperature pyrolysis, mainly composed of carbon elements. It possesses characteristics of being sturdy, stable, and having high porosity. Currently, biochar can be applied to the treatment of heavy metals and organic pollutants in water bodies, as well as in soil for purposes including pH regulation, soil improvement, carbon sequestration, pollution control, and enhancement of agricultural production. The factors affecting the adsorption performance of biochar and the application of biochar in soil were reviewed, and the more reasonable application of biochar in soil was prospected. The main factors affecting the adsorption properties of biochar include raw material type, pyrolysis temperature, pyrolysis time, pH, dosage and modification methods. The application of biochar in soil mainly includes improving the physical and chemical properties of soil, adsorption of heavy metals and organic pollutants in soil, provide nutrients and promote plant growth, etc.

Q Liangyou 851 is a two-line hybrid indica rice combination developed using the self bred sterile line Quan151S and the self bred high-quality restoring line YR851. It was approved in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in 2019 and 2020, respectively. This article analyzed the characteristics of the parents of this combination, as well as the breeding process of the sterile line. Through the practice of cultivation and seed production in recent years, the high-yield and safe seed production technology of this combination had been summarized.

Tea tree flowers is an additional product of tea production, containing rich nutrients and having various health functions. To improve the efficiency of tea tree flower resource utilization, the main components and their effects of tea tree flowers were summarized, including water-soluble sugars, tea saponins, proteins, amino acids, flavonoids, and superoxide dismutase, based on literature review. The differences in components among different tea tree flowers and their potential research applications were also discussed, including water extracts, tea polysaccharides, theanine, and tea polyphenols. The article also looked forward to the selective deep production and processed of different tea tree flowers in the food, daily use, and medical fields.

香樟在南方分布广泛,其提取物具有抑菌防腐的作用。本文总结了香樟提取物抑菌防腐的研究现状,分析了香樟提取物对木材腐朽菌的蛋白质表达差异和信号通路等,以全面认识香樟提取物的抑菌防腐机制,满足木材防腐保护的现实需要,加快相关植物源防腐剂产品的研发、应用及推广。

The effects of green manure on soil microorganisms and physicochemical properties, corn yield, and quality were summarized and analyzed, based on relevant literature and work practice. By rolling or intercropping green manure crops, the organic matter and microbial content in the soil can be increased, its physical and chemical properties can be improved, and its water and fertilizer retention capacity can be enhanced; The application of green manure can promote the growth of corn, increase its grain yield, and also have a certain promoting effect on its quality traits such as amino acids and proteins. Different types of green manure have different effects on soil physical and chemical properties and corn growth. Suitable green manure crops should be selected based on soil fertility conditions, production goals, etc. to improve the yield and quality of corn.

In order to accurately improve forest quality, Shunhai State-owned Forest Farm had implemented a forest quality precision improvement project based on geographical location conditions and current forest quality status. Based on project practice, this article summarized and analyzed the basic workflow, and benefit of the forest quality precision improvement project. This project included two aspects: timber harvesting and afforestation. The timber harvesting work included pre harvesting publicity and confirmation of harvesting boundaries, timber marking and logging, timber returning and post harvesting cleaning, etc. Forest construction work included tree species selection and configuration, seedling quality control, planting process measures, and construction organization. The implementation of the project could generate certain ecological, economic, and social benefits, which had a positive effect on improving the ecological environment of the project area, improving the quality of trees, and promoting local economic development.

本研究以大豆皖黄506品种为试验材料,设计不同播期和密度试验,从农艺性状、经济性状和产量品质等方面分别对其进行对比分析。结果表明,播期、密度均对大豆的产量产生影响,皖黄506的产量随着播期延迟呈现先增加后降低的趋势;随着密度的增加呈现先增加后降低的趋势。密度对皖黄506的粗蛋白含量影响不明显,但其粗蛋白含量随着播期的延迟呈现逐渐降低的趋势。综合各处理产量及品质等相关性状,皖黄506在皖西南地区种植的适宜播期为6月11—21日,种植密度为22.5万~25.5万株/hm²。

将枣粉添加到基础日粮中可以提高产蛋鸡的生产性能、鸡蛋品质和经济效益。为进一步增加养殖户收益,提高鸡蛋的营养价值,本研究在蛋鸡基础日粮中添加枣粉,通过试验确定最佳枣粉添加比例。研究结果表明,试验4组（枣粉添加比例8%）下蛋鸡产蛋性能更好、鸡蛋品质更好且蛋鸡产业经济效益更高,可最大程度地增加鸡蛋的营养和价值,该枣粉添加比例值得推广。

The industrial classification of tobacco plays an important role in improving the purity level of raw tobacco, improving the quality of tobacco and processing homogenization level, and enhancing the level of module. This article analyzed the standard basis and operating mode of industrial grading, explored the main control points, control methods, and development trends, proposed quality control measures for industrial grading quality requirements, and provided reference for the application of tobacco industrial grading technology in the homogenization processing of cigarette raw materials.

直播水稻生产要做好科学的田间管理。本文总结了直播水稻生产栽培技术,包括品种选择、整地、防除杂草、精准施肥以及病虫害防治等。目的是掌握直播水稻生育期特性和种植关键技术,以提高生产管理水平,为实现直播水稻高产稳产提供参考。

为进一步示范推广新品种,本文从不同种植年份不同月份平均绿叶数、不同种植年份不同月份平均根颈粗、不同种植年份4月平均株高、不同种植年份4月平均一次分枝数、不同种植年份平均有效角果数及平均产量、不同种植年份病害冻害发生率等角度,对油菜品种德核杂油8号在研究区连续移栽种植5年（2018—2023年）的种植情况进行分析。结果表明,甘蓝型杂交油菜品种德核杂油8号在研究区移栽种植的5年间性状表现稳定,抗病抗冻能力表现优异,产量适宜,可以引进育苗移栽种植并大面积推广。

In order to screen suitable soybean varieties for the promotion of corn and soybean strip composite planting model, this experiment adopted a “4+4 planting model” (4 rows of corn+4 rows of soybean), with 5 treatments repeated 3 times, namely T₁ (Ningdou No. 6), T₂ (Zhonghuang 318), T₃ (Chengdou No. 6), T₄ (Tiefeng 31), and T₅ (Liaodou No. 15). The corn variety was Xianyu 1225, and the growth period, agronomic traits, yield, and economic benefits of each treatment of soybean were compared and analyzed. The results showed that the soybean growth period of each treatment was between 143 and 145 days, and the T₄ treatment performed the best in agronomic traits such as plant height and bottom pod height. The number of beans per plant was higher in T₄ and T₂ treatments, with 49.36 and 48.55 seeds respectively. The highest yield was observed in T₄ treatment (1 384.65 kg/hm²), followed by T₂ treatment (1 296.60 kg/hm²). The trend of economic benefits and yield changes was consistent, with T₄ treatment being the highest. Based on the performance of various varieties, the soybean variety Tiefeng 31 was selected as a high-quality soybean variety suitable for promotion and planting in the study area as a belt shaped composite planting model for corn and soybean.

The current distribution of zinc content in farmland soil, the impact of zinc on the nutritional quality of wheat grains, the absorption and accumulation characteristics of zinc by wheat, and the ways to enhance zinc nutrition in wheat grains were summarized and analyzed. The distribution pattern of zinc content in soil was closely related to topography, geological structure, and ecological environment. In some wheat producing areas, the zinc content in soil is relatively low. Zinc is an important trace element that affects the starch and protein content of wheat grains. It was generally absorbed by plant roots and transported to the aboveground part under pressure or transpiration, or horizontally transported to the phloem, where it was transported upwards or downwards and then transported to various tissues and organs. The ways to enhance zinc in wheat include genetic improvement breeding, agronomic improvement, and application biotechnology. The research results provide some new ideas for zinc-rich wheat breeding.

To explore the application value of Taraxacum mongolicum in medicine, the application and pharmacological progress of Taraxacum mongolicum external application preparation and its compound by reviewing the literature were summarized and analyzed. The results indicated that Taraxacum mongolicum preparations could be applied externally for the adjuvant treatment of breast pain, phlebitis, frostbite, and postoperative soft tissue skin infections; compound Taraxacum mongolicum could be used by injection or oral administration for the adjuvant treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, tonsillitis, bronchitis, and mastitis. Taraxacum mongolicum had pharmacological activities such as anti-oxidation, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, blood lipid clearance, and liver protection. Taraxacum mongolicum has abundant germplasm resources and diverse pharmacological components, which could be promoted and applied in clinical practice, both externally and orally.

In order to scientifically guide corn planting and cultivation management, to achieve high-quality development of the corn industry, this article was based on the production practice in K region, analyzes that corn may need to be furyther improved in terms of farmland quality, high-quality varieties, agricultural resource utilization rate, and pest control in corn production, and proposed methods such as introducing high-quality varieties, reasonable crop layout, cooperating with reasonable dense planting, scientific fertilizer and water management, and comprehensive pest control measures to achieve a double or multiple cropping system for crop production in the region.

To explore efficient and scalable foliar resistance control agents in rice production, 4 foliar inhibitors (potassium fulvic acid, silicon fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, and selenium fertilizer) were selected to investigate its effects on rice growth and yield, as well as the effect of accumulation and transport of cadmium in various organs of rice. The results showed that after spraying four foliar inhibitors during the tillering and grain filling stages of rice, the plant height, tiller number, and thousand grain weight of rice increased to varying degrees. Compared with the blank control, the yield of rice treated with foliar inhibitors increased by 0.34% to 4.83%. After the application of foliar inhibitors, the cadmium content in the roots, stems, leaves, and grains of rice decreased, and the cadmium content in all treated grains met the national food safety standards. Based on the comprehensive analysis of rice yield and cadmium reduction effect, it is recommended to adopt foliar spraying of silicon fertilizer technology in mildly cadmium polluted rice fields to control the absorption and transport of cadmium in rice and achieve safe rice production.

In practice, the low level of fertilization and management in Ipomoea batatas cultivation directly affects the yield and quality of Ipomoea batatas. The aspects of Ipomoea batatas germination and seedling cultivation, fertilization and soil preparation, seed selection and cultivation, field management and harvest, providing reference for green were summarized and analyzed in this article, high-quality and high-yield cultivation of Ipomoea batatas.

Based on the OBE education concept, the problems of incomplete teaching system, lack of innovation in teaching process, and single assessment methods in traditional botany field internships were analyzed, and reform measures and suggestions were proposed from the aspects of strengthening course ideological and political construction, integrating field internship content, innovating teaching process and reforming assessment methods, aiming to highlight the intuitiveness of practical teaching applied, comprehensive, and innovative. The objective was to provide theoretical basis and practical reference for further improving the teaching quality of botany field internships and promoting the cultivation of applied talents.

In order to clarify the relationship between different precipitation patterns and nitrogen uptake and transport in wheat plants, and to explore efficient production technology paths for different crop types, this experiment investigated the effects of different precipitation patterns and crop types on nitrogen uptake and utilization, transport characteristics, and nitrogen efficiency in wheat plants at the experimental demonstration base of the Zhumadian Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Henan Province for two consecutive years. The results showed that the high water year was more conducive to the absorption of nitrogen by wheat plants after soybean cropping compared to the low water year, improving the accumulation of nitrogen in wheat plants and promoting the transport of nitrogen accumulated after flowering to the grains. Both soybean and peanut stubble could increase the nitrogen content of wheat plants compared to corn stubble, which was beneficial for nitrogen accumulation in wheat plants, promoting the transfer of nitrogen from leaves, stems and sheaths to grains, improving the pre flowering nitrogen transport and nitrogen transfer rate of wheat plants, and ultimately increasing the nitrogen efficiency and yield of wheat grains. The nitrogen absorption efficiency and nitrogen production efficiency of wheat plants with different crop types could be significantly improved in the year of abundant water compared to the year of insufficient water. Under different precipitation year types, both soybean and peanut stubbles can promote nitrogen absorption in wheat plants, which is beneficial for nitrogen accumulation and transportation to the grains after flowering, thereby increasing grain yield and ultimately improving nitrogen utilization efficiency of wheat plants. In low water years, soybean stubble has a better effect, while peanut stubble has a better effect in high water years.

The rice variety Yongliangyou 206 was developed by crossbreeding 7-163S with Guifei Xiangzhan. It has a compact plant shape, upright leaf posture, and vigorous growth trend. The rice variety meets the second level standard of NY/T 593-2013 “Quality of Edible Rice Varieties”. Good anti overturning and heat resistance. In the regional trials from 2020 to 2021, the average yield of this variety was 9 325.6 kg/hm², the average yield of the production trial in 2022 was 8 953.8 kg/hm². This variety has comprehensive characteristics such as high yield, excellent rice quality, delicious taste, and strong resistance, it can be promoted and planted in the first season rice area and similar areas in Anhui Province. The high-yield cultivation techniques for its include strict selection and soaking of seeds, ensuring the achievement of functional panicles, constructing a population with high yield and suitable harvest time, etc. The efficient seed production techniques include safe seed production, flower time adjustment and germination rate increased. The research results provide reference for seed production and promotion of planting of this variety.

In order to explore the planting performance of different rice varieties under different microclimate conditions in the low altitude areas of Eastern Guizhou Province, 51 rice varieties including Chuanguyou 1378 were selected to conduct display experiments in Tangtou base in the west and Bahuang base in the east of Tongren City, Guizhou Province. The growth period, planting performance, and yield indicators of each rice variety were analyzed. The results showed that microclimate differences had an impact on rice planting performance and yield, and the changes in growth period were influenced by the three-dimensional climate of the planting area and related to variety adaptability; There were differences in planting performance such as plant height and panicle length among different rice varieties, among which the seed setting rate was lower in the western base than in the eastern base. The measured yield of 43 exhibited varieties in the western base was higher than that in the eastern base, with an increase of 9.0-7 047.0 kg/hm². The yield of 7 varieties planted in the western base was lower than that in the eastern base, with a decrease of 60.0-3 979.5 kg/hm². Based on the performance of various varieties in terms of growth period, agronomic traits, and yield, it was selected that Jiuyou 27 Zhan, Yixiangyou 800, and Zhongjiuyou 2 were suitable for promoting planting in the low altitude western region of Eastern Guizhou Province, Jingliangyou 1206, Jingyou 312, Weiliangyouyuzhan, and Aofuyou 287 were suitable for promoting planting in the low altitude eastern region of Eastern Guizhou Province.

为了研究滴灌对甘薯产量和品质的影响,本研究分析了常规肥水管理（对照）和水肥一体化（滴灌）对砂质土栽培甘薯的生长、产量及品质方面的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,滴灌能促进甘薯前期地上部快速生长,结薯期薯块生长速度,薯块鲜重和干重均明显高于对照;滴灌种植的甘薯产量比对照增加44.91%;薯块淀粉含量、可溶性糖含量和可溶性蛋白含量高于对照,粗纤维低于对照。研究结果为砂地实施滴灌栽培甘薯提供了参考。

In order to screen suitable new rice varieties for cultivation in the southwestern region of Anhui province, this study compared the growth period, planting performance, and yield of 24 rice varieties including Y Liangyou 9826. The results showed that the growth period of each variety was 120-138 days, with most varieties having a growth period of 130 days. The effective panicle number was 2.01 million to 3.303 million/hm², and the seed setting rate was 70.4% to 92.8%; the actual yield of each variety was 7 851.0-12 426.0 kg/hm². Based on the growth performance of various varieties, the selected varieties, Linliangyou 1771, Quanyou 879, Wanfengyou 818, Weiliangyou 8612, and Jingliangyou 8612 had high yields and good comprehensive characteristics, and could be promoted as new rice varieties in the region.

Based on the current breeding status of potatoes, the aspects that need further improvement, and corresponding development strategies and suggestions were summarized and analyzed. At present, potato breeding was mainly based on its asexual reproduction characteristics, which had the advantages of simplicity, effectiveness, and ensuring the purity of potato seeds. Meanwhile, it was necessary to do a good job in potato seed potato detoxification, pest control, and field management. In the breeding process, it was necessary to further improve the collection of potato variety resources, the production capacity of seed potatoes, the production technology of seed potatoes, the quality of virus-free seed potatoes, and the processing capacity of potato products. Development strategies for potato breeding work were proposed, including establishing a good breeding environment, scientifically introducing potato varieties, innovating potato breeding methods, and innovating production equipment and technology, to provide references for promoting the standardized and rational development of the potato industry.