旱优3015是上海市农业生物基因中心以节水抗旱稻优质三系不育系沪旱7A为母本,早熟矮秆强优势恢复系旱恢3015为父本配组而成的早熟高产籼型节水抗旱稻三系杂交组合,具有节水抗旱、早熟高产、株高矮、综合性状优和适应性广等优点,适合在长江中下游作一季稻种植。本文介绍了该组合的选育过程、组合特征特性及制种栽培技术要点,为节水抗旱水稻旱优3015的示范推广提供参考。

本文核算了2016—2021年G省农业活动温室气体排放情况,确定了农业活动温室气体排放清单的核算范围,收集了活动水平数据、排放因子数据及相关参数,核算了排放源、排放量,分析了排放结构和趋势等,为农业活动温室气体排放清单报告的编制提供参考。

Changliangyou Fuxiangzhan is a new variety of high yield and high quality indica hybrid rice. In 2022 and 2023, it was introduced into Dongxi Village, Mapo Town, Luchuan County, Yulin City, Guangxi for demonstration planting. This paper emphatically summarized the Changliangyou Fuxiangzhan demonstration of whole growth period, resistance, yield and ground rice quality performance, and from the good plot, dip bud, timely sowing, school-age throwing, formula fertilization, scientific pipe water, prevention and control of disease and ripe harvest introduced its high yield cultivation technology, for Changliangyou Fuxiangzhan a large area of production and application to provide reference.

果蝇人工饲养是实验教学顺利开展的前提。本文从培养瓶的选择、培养基的配制、果蝇的转接和培养温度的控制4个方面,总结了实验室内果蝇的饲养方法,并对实验用果蝇的保种培养技术进行了探究,以供参考与借鉴。

华航香银针属感温型常规稻、香型丝苗米品种,因其具米质优、口感好、香味浓等特点,深受消费者青睐。通过连续多造栽培研究试验,总结出“苗足肥足、科学控水”高产栽培和病虫绿色防控配套技术,其干谷产量达9 295 kg/hm²,实现了稳产高产和农药减量。该品种熟期适中,丰产性能好,抗逆性强,抗稻瘟病,在丝苗米系列品种中具有明显的比较优势,推广应用前景广。本文总结了华航香银针品种的种植表现及绿色高产栽培技术,为该品种的种植推广提供参考。

本文对二化螟的发生规律及其危害情况进行总结分析,提出了水稻二化螟的防治方法,为水稻生产中二化螟防治提供参考。该虫害二化螟发生具有主代危害重,二三代间歇性重发;区域间发生程度差异较大;危害时间较长,世代交替明显的特点。不同年份间二化螟发生程度受虫口基数、气候、二化螟抗药性及防治方法等因素影响。二化螟防治可采取农业防治、物理防治、生物防治和药剂防治等措施。其中农业防治包括调整结构,合理布局;翻耕灭茬,灌水灭蛹等措施;物理防治包括诱虫灯、性诱剂等措施;生物防治包括天敌、趋性等措施;药剂防治需要注意选择合适的防治时间、防治药剂和防治方法。

Rape is one of the important oilseed crops. Rice intercropping rape, as an important agricultural technology in rice-rape rotation production, is of great significance for improving grain and oil yield and achieving sustainable agricultural development. The advantages and key cultivation techniques of the rice intercropping rape model were analyzed in this article, provided a reference for promoting the rotation cultivation technology of rice-rape rotation.

本研究通过分析2019—2023年国审小麦品种数量和主要病害情况得出：近5年国审小麦品种数量逐年递增,共计692个。各麦区审定的品种数量关系：黄淮南片>黄淮北片>长江中下游>黄淮冬麦旱播组>东北西北春麦组>北部冬麦区>长江上游麦区。分析了各麦区发生的病害类型、主要病害的分布和小麦对不同病害的最高抗性级别;分析了赤霉病、白粉病、纹枯病、条锈病和叶锈病5种主要病害的麦区分布,审定品种的抗性级别和各麦区抗性水平的关系,为各麦区抗病育种提供参考。

本研究在人工撒播的栽培方式下,探究玮两优8612的8种不同播种量的生长与产量表现,分析该品种在当前栽培管理水平下的适宜播种量。结果表明,不同播种量主要通过调节有效穗数、每穗实粒数来影响产量。播种量过低则难以获得高产,随着播种量的增大产量逐步大幅增加,但播量达到一定量后,随着播量增大产量增幅减少,甚至产量降低。在现有栽培管理水平下,玮两优8612在庐江县直播中适宜播种量为18.75~26.25 kg/hm²。

吉单672是吉林省农业科学院以自选系吉D5344为母本,自选系吉D797为父本杂交育成的中早熟国审玉米新品种。本文探究了吉单672的选育及栽培技术,以加快推进其商业化育种机制,提高吉林省玉米生产能力和抵御风险能力。结果表明,该品种具有高产、稳产、优质和多抗等优点,适宜吉林省中早熟玉米种植区、黑龙江省第二积温带和内蒙古中早熟玉米种植区大面积推广种植。

In order to clarify the effect of exogenous trehalose on the quality of large-panicle japonica rice, this study took large-panicle japonica rice lines W1844 and CJ03 as experimental materials, and sprayed trehalose solution with concentrations of 0, 30 and 50 mmol/L（recorded as T₀, T₃₀ and T₅₀, respectively）on the leaf surface at the end of pregnancy. The effects of exogenous trehalose on processing, appearance and nutritional quality of large-panicle japonica rice with different grain positions were studied. The results showed that exogenous trehalose treatment could improve the processing quality of superior and inferior spikelets by increasing the milled rice rate and finishing rice rate. The appearance quality was improved by reducing chalkiness and chalkiness. The nutritional quality can be improved by increasing protein content and glue consistency and reducing amylose content. The improvement method and degree of different spraying concentration and different particle position were different. In conclusion, exogenous trehalose can improve the processing, appearance and nutritional quality of large-panicle japonica rice, and the improvement degree of inferior spikelets quality is higher than that of superior spikelets. The results can be used to improve the theoretical basis for cultivating high quality large-panicle japonica rice.

农产品品牌化是农业现代化的重要方向之一。农产品企业应将发展重点转移到品牌建设上来。对当前农产品品牌建设现状进行分析,结合应用实践提出了对策建议：一是打造农产品品牌形象,破除同质化;二是拓展营销方式,加大线上渠道的投入;三是建立“一品一码”追溯体系,推动实现优质优价;四是健全电商平台物流,推动农产品转型升级;五是合作共建产业联通,建立多方位合作关系。建议农产品企业深入市场,了解市场需求和竞争态势,了解消费者需求和消费心理等因素,不断优化和调整品牌建设方案,通过科学的品牌规划和有效的运营管理,进一步提升品牌效益。

In order to screen of high yield and quality as well as adaptable fresh corn varieties suitable for planting in southern Anhui Province, 16 experimental fresh corn, test varieties, such as Chuangtian and Xiangtiannuo 828 and two control varieties, Yuetian and Fengnuo 2146, were compared and analyzed for indexes in terms of growth period, main agronomic characters,stress resistance and yield in the southern Anhui Province. The results showed that in terms of the entire growth period, the tested varieties had a total growth period of 77-87 days. In terms of variety resistance, Cuimi 90 had average lodging and disease resistance, while Quantian 58 and Kenuo had average disease resistance. In terms of yield, Longpingtian 1502 in the sweet corn group increased by 13.40% compared to the control group, while Ditiannuo , Fengnuo 211, Caitiannuo 1703, Tianfunuo and Dongtiannuo 100 in the glutinous corn group increased by 17.92%, 19.52%, 10.7%, 26.65%, and 17.81% compared to the control group, respectively. These six corn varieties had better comprehensive performance, good agronomic traits, good resistance, and high yield, and were suitable for promotion and planting in southern Anhui Province.

育秧是水稻机插秧技术体系中的关键环节。本文从壮秧指标、种子准备、育秧准备、适期播种和田间管理方面介绍了常规秧田硬化微喷灌水稻育秧技术,采用激光平整等方式使常规秧田硬化,育秧前铺设微喷灌设施,节省育秧成本,提高秧田利用率,为广大农户培育壮秧、增加种稻收益提供参考。

This article introduced the breeding process and characteristic characteristics of Xuanjingnuo No.7, and summarized the high-yield cultivation techniques as a wheat stubble rice from two cultivation models: machine transplanting and live broadcasting. Xuanjingnuo No.7 was an early maturing and late maturing glutinous rice variety developed through systematic breeding using Xuanjingnuo No.1 as the female parent and Jingnuo 86120-5 as the male parent. It had characteristics such as tolerance to late sowing, strong stress resistance, and wide adaptability, and was suitable for machine transplanting and direct seeding as wheat stubble rice cultivation. The principle of high-yield cultivation was to promote strong stems, large panicles, and increased grain weight on the basis of sufficient effective panicles, in conjunction with disease, insect, and weed control. Specific measures include timely and appropriate sowing, scientific fertilizer and water management, comprehensive prevention and control of diseases, pests and weeds, and timely harvesting. Machine transplanting also requires uniform planting and dense planting, and sufficient planting of basic seedlings. The purpose was to provide reference for the promotion and planting of this variety.

本文以国家审定的小麦品种为研究对象,统计分析了2019—2023年小麦品种产量三要素的变化趋势。研究发现单位面积穗数对每公顷产量的提高起到正向促进的作用,且作用越来越明显;千粒重对每公顷产量的提高起到正向促进的作用,但是效果越来越不明显;穗粒数对每公顷产量的提高从正向促进作用转变为反向抑制作用。长江上游及长江中上游麦区的穗粒数水平高、千粒重水平一般、单位面积穗数水平低;黄淮麦区单位面积穗数水平较高、千粒重水平一般、穗粒数水平较低;北部冬麦区千粒重水平高、单位面积穗数水平一般、穗粒数水平低;东北、西北春麦区每公顷穗数水平一般、千粒重和穗粒数水平低。黄淮北片麦区、北部冬麦区以及东北西北春麦区的每公顷穗数水平较高、长江上游及长江中上游麦区的单位面积穗数水平较低;长江上游及长江中上游的穗粒数水平较高,其他麦区穗粒数水平差异不明显;东北、西北麦区的千粒重水平较低,其他麦区的千粒重水平差异不明显。

水稻油菜轮作是我国长江中下游地区重要的农业种植模式之一,本文总结了轮作过程中的栽培管理方式以及栽培注意事项,为稻油优质高产栽培提供参考,实现农田资源充分利用,以不断提升油菜产能,保障粮油有效供给。

为了解各水稻品种的特征特性,筛选出适宜长江中下游地区种植的高产优质水稻品种,本文以镇糯20、武育糯180等4个水稻示范品种,凯粳糯88、徽粳糯125和当禾糯908等12个水稻展示品种为研究对象,开展了水稻品种示范展示试验,比较分析了各参试品种的生育期、种植表现和产量水平。结果表明,各参试水稻品种在试验田当年气候条件下,抽穗时间8月26—28日,均在9月5日前安全齐穗,各品种种植表现良好,抗倒伏和抗病性较好;示范品种镇糯762和荃香糯3号产量较高,展示品种武香糯7368、凯粳糯88产量较高。综合各品种的生长特性和产量结果,品种镇糯762、荃香糯3号适宜在长江中下游地区推广种植。

本文以森林康养基地建设为研究对象,阐述了森林康养的内涵、要素、特征及意义,介绍了森林康养发展现状及森林康养基地建设的基本情况。通过实地调查及监测数据分析,总结了森林康养基地的建设成效,分析了森林康养基地目前面临的挑战,并提出了突出产品特色、形成产品体系、发挥市场主体作用以及注重生态保护等方面建议,为森林康养产业的高质量发展提供参考。

Shenyou 28 is a hybrid japonica rice variety using the male sterile line Shen 21A and the restoring line Shenhui 26-28. This article introduced the characteristics of Shenyou 28 variety and summarized the whole mechanized and efficient seed production technology, including seed selection, control of sowing time, regulation of flowering period, mechanical leaf cutting, mechanical assisted pollination, harvesting and drying, to providing technical guidance for hybrid rice seed production. This variety had comprehensive advantages such as early maturity, high yield, excellent rice quality, and strong disease resistance. In order to fully tap into the yield potential of Shenyou 28, its high-yield cultivation techniques had been summarized from the aspects of timely sowing, fertilizer operation, slurry management, and suitable harvest, providing reference for the promotion and demonstration of new varieties.

为加强对研究区农业气象强对流天气发生发展情况的分析和研究,利用高空观测中的位势高度、风向风速和温度等常规观测资料,地面自动站逐小时降水、风向风速及露点温度等地面加密资料,以及雷达回波等实况资料,对2023年6月11日研究区强对流天气的大气环境特征与触发机制进行分析。结果表明：（1）在500 hPa副高偏弱,受东部沿海低槽的槽后西北风拟制的情况下,中低层无明显辐合系统和低空西南急流,而在有利的不稳定层结、能量条件和触发机制共同作用下,研究区仍有可能出现强对流天气。由于中低层无明显辐合系统和低空西南急流,水汽输送和辐合条件较差,导致强降水的范围不大、强度较弱。（2）受高空500 hPa东部沿海低槽的槽后西北气流影响,高空有弱冷平流,低层有弱暖平流,为强对流天气的发生提供了一定的环流条件。本次强对流天气主要是由强烈的热力不稳定和对流触发条件造成的,对流有效位能达2 593.1 J/kg、对流稳定度指数Δθ_se850-500为17.8 ℃、K指数37.5 ℃、沙氏指数SI为-3.16 ℃、抬升指数LI达-7.38 ℃、下沉对流有效位能DCAPE达1 145.5 J/kg,有利于雷雨大风天气的发生。而动力不稳定条件较差,垂直风切变较弱,因而大冰雹不容易生成。（3）本次强对流天气是由地面中尺度辐合线,低层850、925 hPa和地面干线,925 hPa和地面湿舌等共同触发而产生的,其中850、925 hPa和地面的露点温度梯度分别达5.5、3.9和6.6 ℃/100 km。目的在于为后续的强对流天气预警预报提供参考。

The development of arable land reserve resources is one of the important guarantee for implementing the arable land protection system and balancing the occupation and compensation of actual arable land. This article uses the CiteSpace software system to analyze the current research status and context of the field of arable land reserve resources and clarifying future development trends. The result showsed that the research on arable land reserve resources focused on the protection and development of agricultural resources and land planning and utilization,with close academic cooperation in a small scope and less cross regional cooperation and exchange. Suitability evaluation, land development, and balance of occupation and compensation were the main research hotspots. The development process of research was divided into three stages: budding exploration, fluctuating development, and stable maturity. The research on potential evaluation and development protection runs through the development process, with cutting-edge development mainly focused on comprehensive land improvement, strengthening land transformation and utilization technology, and adhering to ecological sustainability and high-quality development. Future research should strengthen the exploration of marginal land potential, deepen development evaluation and theoretical system construction,strengthen the application of geographic information technology and ecological restoration technology research, and actively explore effective ways to achieve national spatial governance and food security through land consolidation.

Limonoids are a class of highly oxidized tetracyclic triterpenoid secondary metabolites that are mainly found in the Rutaceae and Meliaceae plant families, including substances such as limonin, nomilin, and obacunone. In this study, we mainly review the main physical and chemical properties of limonins and their physiological activities on the body, systematically summarize their various biological activities and mechanisms of action, hoping to lay an important foundation for further application of limonins in health care, food development, agricultural production and other aspects.

Dihydromyricetin (DMY) is the key functional ingredient in Ampelopsis grossedentata, with multiple physiological effects. In order to determine the content of DMY in Ampelopsis grossedentata from different producing regions, Ampelopsis grossedentata was extracted from four producing regions in a, b, c and d provinces were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) after DMY extaction. The results showed that the dry weight content of DMY from Ampelopsis grossedentata produced in the four producing regions ranged from 21.2 to 36.2 g/100g. Among the same grade of Ampelopsis grossedentata, from which produced in a region exhibited the highest content (30.9~36.2 g/100g), while among different grades of Ampelopsis grossedentata, the DMY content in premium Ampelopsis grossedentata produced from the same producing region was higher than that of first and second grade Ampelopsis grossedentata. Moreover, there was no significant difference in DMY content between various Ampelopsis grossedentata produced from same producing region and grade at different picking times. Therefore, the producing regions and grade of quality have a obvious impact on the DMY content, whereas the effect of picking time was less affected. In the actual planting and production should choose the corresponding origin or variety according to the demand, to provide a reference for improving the economic value of Ampelopsis grossedentata.

The new indica variety Chanshanzhan bred by Foshan Institute of Agricultural Science. It is a conventional rice variety selected by crossing Wushansimiao (♀) and Xiaolixiangzhan (♂) through six generations of genealogy. Chanshanzhan has good productivity and stable yield, good comprehensive resistance, strong resistance to collapse, adaptability and the rice quality appraisal has reached the national standard of high quality grade 3. This article details the traits and cultivation tips for growing Chanshanzhan, with the aim of aiding its promotion.

直播水稻生产要做好科学的田间管理。本文总结了直播水稻生产栽培技术,包括品种选择、整地、防除杂草、精准施肥以及病虫害防治等。目的是掌握直播水稻生育期特性和种植关键技术,以提高生产管理水平,为实现直播水稻高产稳产提供参考。

为创新小麦播种栽培模式,提高小麦产量和质量,本文概述了小麦播种技术体系的发展历程,分析了播种技术对小麦产量形成的重要性,总结了山东小麦播种技术体系研究进展,展望了新型小麦播种方式的发展前景,为山东小麦增产开辟新路径。

Unrational use of antibiotics can lead to resistance in bacteria, finding potential alternatives to traditional antibiotics has become the focus of current research. Antimicrobial peptides represent promising options owing to their unique antimicrobial mechanisms, which render them less prone to induce resistance. Moreover, antimicrobial peptides possess broad-spectrum bioactivities against bacteria, fungi, viruses, parasites, tumor cells, etc. and have been implemented in many areas. This article provided a introduction to the classification, mechanisms of action and application in food processing and other fields of antimicrobial peptides, to provide a reference for relevant studies of antimicrobial peptides.

本文研究2019—2023年国审小麦品种的全生育期、株高、品质以及单产的变化趋势,分析了其在各麦区的分布情况以及与单产的关系。结果表明,（1）各麦区小麦的全生育期在2023年较前几年均有所缩短,5年间各麦区的全生育期分布趋势几乎一致,全生育期由短到长排序为东北、西北春麦区、长江上游麦区、长江中下游麦区、黄淮南片麦区、黄淮北片麦区、黄淮冬麦旱播组和北部冬麦区。（2）各麦区小麦株高年份间变化幅度较小,各麦区间差异较为明显。麦区间株高由高到低排序为东北、西北春麦区、长江上游麦区、长江中下游麦区、北部冬麦区、黄淮南片麦区和黄淮北片麦区、黄淮冬麦旱播组,在相同麦区,株高越高,单产越低。（3）国审小麦优质品种的数量逐年增加,数量分别为6、17、27、39和48个,中强筋小麦品种逐年增加,强筋和弱筋小麦品种有减少趋势,5年间审定弱筋小麦12个,中强筋麦89个,强筋麦37个。

To explore efficient and scalable foliar resistance control agents in rice production, 4 foliar inhibitors (potassium fulvic acid, silicon fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, and selenium fertilizer) were selected to investigate its effects on rice growth and yield, as well as the effect of accumulation and transport of cadmium in various organs of rice. The results showed that after spraying four foliar inhibitors during the tillering and grain filling stages of rice, the plant height, tiller number, and thousand grain weight of rice increased to varying degrees. Compared with the blank control, the yield of rice treated with foliar inhibitors increased by 0.34% to 4.83%. After the application of foliar inhibitors, the cadmium content in the roots, stems, leaves, and grains of rice decreased, and the cadmium content in all treated grains met the national food safety standards. Based on the comprehensive analysis of rice yield and cadmium reduction effect, it is recommended to adopt foliar spraying of silicon fertilizer technology in mildly cadmium polluted rice fields to control the absorption and transport of cadmium in rice and achieve safe rice production.

In order to scientifically guide corn planting and cultivation management, to achieve high-quality development of the corn industry, this article was based on the production practice in K region, analyzes that corn may need to be furyther improved in terms of farmland quality, high-quality varieties, agricultural resource utilization rate, and pest control in corn production, and proposed methods such as introducing high-quality varieties, reasonable crop layout, cooperating with reasonable dense planting, scientific fertilizer and water management, and comprehensive pest control measures to achieve a double or multiple cropping system for crop production in the region.

Huixiangjing 977 is a japonica rice variety selected from Zhendao 14 as the female parent and Wuxiangjing 14 as the male parent. It was approved for variety review in 2022. This article analyzed the breeding process,agronomic characteristics, production performance,and main cultivation techniques of Huixiangjing 977. Huixiangjing 977 has the advantages of high-quality taste, high yield,large panicle,excellent comprehensive traits, and wide adaptability, making it suitable for planting in single season and double season late japonica rice regions in Anhui Province. The principles of high-yield cultivation techniques are to stabilize the foundation, compete for sufficient panicles, attack large panicles, improve grain weight and seed setting rate, in order to obtain higher quality and yield. The results provide a reference for the promotion and application of this variety.

In order to solve the problem that the base of the main branch is easy to break in case of rainfall and windy weather, and the peach cultivation is not suitable for mechanized production, this paper proposed an X-shaped cultivation technology for peach trees suitable for mechanized operation. The main points of cultivation techniques for the new “X” shaped tree type included planting and shaping operation. Planting: selected first-class peach seedlings, each two peach seedlings were planted together, the intersection of the two peach seedlings was 40 cm away from the ground, and the angle between the two peach seedlings in the horizontal direction was 50°~60°; The extension heads of the two peach seedlings stretched out between the rows on both sides respectively, and the direction was perpendicular to the row direction of the ridge. Two peach seedlings were planted together and regarded as one in production; shaping: after the “X” shape was planted, the buds of the two peach seedlings were cut off at the full and full place, and the upper end of the main trunk of the two peach seedlings was the two main branches in production, which was equivalent to the two main branches of the “Y” shaped tree type, which were formed once after planting. The “X” shaped new tree type was the top of the trunk of two peach seedlings directly emitting a new shoot uniaxial extension as the main branch, each of which continues to grow upward, does not affect each other, balanced growth, easy to operate by fruit farmers, saves labor, and directly regulates the angle of the main trunk of the two seedlings when planting, which was simple and accurate, after planting, the tree type can be formed half a year in advance, which increases the compression resistance to a certain extent, and the main branch was not easy to break.

植物组织培养技术在离体快速繁殖、脱毒种苗、人工种子培育、遗传资源保护和交换中取得了良好的应用效果。将植物组织培养技术应用到马铃薯工厂化育苗中,能够实现马铃薯新型培育方式的推广。本文综述了马铃薯植物组织培养技术的推广现状、马铃薯组织培养技术和植物组织培养在脱毒栽培中的应用及其存在的问题,为马铃薯组培技术的应用提供参考。

本文系统梳理了林业病虫害的分类,指出病害主要分为真菌性、细菌性、病毒性、线虫和生理性疾病等类型,常见虫害为刺蛾、天牛、白蚁、鞘翅目害虫、蚜虫、蚧虫、毛虫和尺蠖,总结出林业病虫害具有传播途径多样、隐蔽性、多发性、危害大和周期性等特征,目前生物防治、物理防治、化学防治和综合防治是较为有效的林业病虫害防治方法。

稻茬麦面积占滁州市小麦播种面积的70%以上,水稻—小麦轮作在小麦单产方面有很大的提升空间。鉴于此,在小麦播种期、播种量、杂草防除、控释肥料应用等方面开展了稻茬麦单产提升关键技术试验研究,并从技术路径、服务路径及产业路径3个方面提出稻茬麦单产提升对策,对提高小麦单产水平,保障粮食安全,增加农民收入,具有现实的指导意义。

Based on the OBE education concept, the problems of incomplete teaching system, lack of innovation in teaching process, and single assessment methods in traditional botany field internships were analyzed, and reform measures and suggestions were proposed from the aspects of strengthening course ideological and political construction, integrating field internship content, innovating teaching process and reforming assessment methods, aiming to highlight the intuitiveness of practical teaching applied, comprehensive, and innovative. The objective was to provide theoretical basis and practical reference for further improving the teaching quality of botany field internships and promoting the cultivation of applied talents.

In order to screen new potato varieties suitable for large-scale promotion and cultivation in the Kebai area, this study conducted yield and quality screening and identification experiments on six potato varieties self cultivated by Keshan Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The results showed that three varieties had good comprehensive traits. High starch material ke202032-37 had round tubers, pale yellow skin and white meat, starch content of 18.5 g/100 g, yield of 31 187.50 kg/hm², increased by 3.96% compared to the control. The mid to late maturing variety ke202045-14 had elliptical tubers, white flesh, and a starch content of 15.9 g/100 g, yield of 41 375.00 kg/hm², increased by 37.92% compared to the control. The medium ripe variety ke202042-2 had round tubers, white flesh, and a starch content of 15.7 g/100 g, yield of 42 820.51 kg/hm², increased by 42.74% compared to the control. The three materials could be used as high‐quality varieties for further identification and screening, providing reference for high‐yield and high‐yield producation for potatoes in the region.

探讨自然高温天气对水稻的影响,可以为耐高温品种选择、高温热害评估和减轻高温热害措施提供相应参考。本试验统计分析2022年8月1—23日的气温,以此时段抽穗的108份籼型水稻材料为研究对象,总结分析了水稻样本材料在孕穗期、抽穗开花期和灌浆初期的平均气温和受高温热害天数,计算其结实率。结果表明,8月1—23日平均温度31.53 ℃,杂交籼稻材料和常规籼稻材料平均结实率分别为80.48%和76.73%,杂交籼稻的抗高温能力总体优于常规籼稻,高温热害程度与高温强度、高温时间密切相关,整体呈现温度越高,结实率越低的趋势,开花盛期高温对籼稻结实率影响最大。提出了防御高温热害损失的技术要点,包括选择耐高温品种、合理安排播期、提高栽培技术以及采取有效措施减轻高温热害损失等。

多肉花卉以其奇特外形和经营价格备受青睐,但多肉花卉存在育种周期较长、雌雄异熟、种子量小等问题,难以适应农业产业化需求。本文探讨了多肉植物快繁体系技术,分析了多肉植物组织培养技术存在的问题,并提出了前景展望,为多肉植物的培养、应用提供参考。