地理信息系统（GIS）具有强大的数据计算、统计分析和图表输出功能, 可以结合遥感技术（RS）、全球定位技术（GPS）等实现对林业资源和空间信息的采集、处理、管理、分析和表达等, 简称3S技术, 已被广泛应用于林业外业调查和管理中, 是一项先进的现代信息技术。本文以安徽省霍山县国土绿化试点示范项目为例, 简要介绍了以GIS技术为核心的3S技术手段在林业项目规划设计中的实操应用, 以期为基层林业工作者提供借鉴与参考。

欣两优2172是安徽荃银欣隆种业有限公司以不育系新强01S为母本、恢复系R2172为父本配组而成的两系籼型杂交水稻新品种,2018年通过国家农作物品种审定委员会审定。该品种具有高产、抗倒、抗病、抗逆性强,品质优良,熟期适宜等优点,适宜在安徽、江苏等长江中下游地区以及浙江、河南南部、福建北部地区作一季中稻种植。本文介绍了欣两优2172的亲本特征特性以及其在长江中下游地区的高产优质制种技术。

玮两优8612是2020年通过国家审定的多穗、优质、多抗、高产的籼型两系杂交水稻品种, 近几年该品种在安徽省庐江县示范推广种植, 取得了良好的效果。本文结合玮两优8612在庐江县的种植实际, 对其农艺性状、抗性及米质、产量表现、种植特性进行总结, 并从良种处理、培育壮秧、适龄移栽、大田肥水管理、病虫草害防治、适时收获等方面介绍了玮两优8612高产栽培技术要点, 以供当地种植参考。

近年来,受养殖规模和养殖密度的增加、养殖水环境恶化及养殖品种苗种质量下降等因素的影响,罗氏沼虾养殖中病害问题日渐突出,严重制约罗氏沼虾产业的健康可持续发展。本文介绍了罗氏沼虾6种病毒性疾病和3种细菌性疾病的症状和病因,并提出了相应的防治策略,为罗氏沼虾病害防治提供参考。

Through clonal characteristics including physiological integration and morphological plasticity, Phyllostachys edulis as a large clonal plant can invade the neighborhood ecological community, make other plants disappear from the community gradually in the invaded ecosystem, and threat the stability of the ecosystem. The aim of this review is to summarize the effect of Phyllostachys edulis expansion on soil biological community structure, and the relationship between vegetation succession, floor litter, soil environmental characteristics and soil biological community structure diversity after expansion of Phyllostachys edulis, which can be a reference to the research of ecological control and ecological risk assessment of Phyllostachys edulis expansion, and maintain the stability and balance of ecological service functions in the ecosystem.

由于虾青素其特殊的结构,近年来关于虾青素在水产养殖中的多种重要的生理功能已被报道。本文梳理了虾青素的提取与合成在水产养殖中发挥的各种重要作用,并着重介绍了虾青素的着色功能,促进生长、繁殖、发育等方面的功能,为虾青素在水产养殖中的大规模应用提供参考。

在我国,小麦是仅次于水稻的粮食作物。因不断提升的人口数量、日益减少的耕地面积,人类对提高作物单产的需求也在持续增长。作为农业种植上的自然灾害之一,寒害在我国发生频繁,小麦的寒害以及抗寒性研究也逐渐被重视起来。基于此,本文对小麦抗寒性研究进行了综述,为实现小麦高产、高质提供参考。

为筛选适合在皖西大别山生态区种植推广的水稻品种, 对来自不同地区的20个水稻新品种进行了引种试验, 研究其全生育期、主要经济性状、产量、农艺性状、综合抗性等, 并对其进行综合评价。结果表明, 等级A类品种有浙两优272、荃优929、粘两优1206、恒丰优金丝占、圳优6377、荃优鄂晶丝苗、华珍115、泰美占、勇两优全赢占、玉晶臻丝、华两优2171, 这11个品种的综合表现优异, 宜作为2022年度引种品种推荐给安徽省农作物新品种测试中心。

为筛选出适宜安徽省定远县种植的高产优质水稻新品种,本研究开展了36个近3年审定的水稻新品种展示试验,以丰两优四号为对照,对其产量、株型、长势长相、抗倒性和生育期等进行分析。结果表明,华两优2834、云两优2118、玮两优7713、臻两优8612、徽两优丝苗、荃优822、鸿邦两优6363、嘉优中科13-1和荃优169的综合表现较好,产量高、株型紧凑、抗倒性好。

To explore and optimize the preparation method of paraffin tissue section of juvenile zebrafish. 4 d zebrafish juvenile were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde for 24 h and then pre-embedded with agar,dehydrated, transparent, impregnated with wax and then embedded with the slices for hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The advantages of the agar paraffin double embedding method and the conventional paraffin embedding method were compared. The results showed that the agar-paraffin double embedding method can maintain the morphology and structure of zebrafish juvenile without deformation or fragmentation, and the results under the microscope are obviously clearer than those of ordinary paraffin embedding method. HE staining is good. The agar-paraffin double embedding method can overcome the shortcomings of the conventional paraffin embedding method, and the equipment and operation is simple, easy to be popularized.

通过离散选择实验方法, 研究郑州市常住市民消费者对可追溯苹果的偏好与支付意愿。鉴于信息干预会影响消费者的偏好与支付意愿, 研究了不同信息干预下对消费者的偏好与支付意愿的影响。利用选择实验方法调查郑州居住居民对苹果产品的属性与偏好。结果表明, 信息干预对消费者偏好与支付意愿有显著的影响;不同信息干预方式对消费偏好与支付意愿的影响不同;从实证结果看, 消费者愿意为可追溯信息支付不同价格, 不同类型消费者的消费偏好存在明显差异。这对可追溯食品推广有重要意义。

大穗看麦娘是近年新入侵的麦田恶性杂草, 在安徽省淮南市潘集区贺疃镇蔓延, 对小麦的安全生产构成严重威胁。本文通过调研, 分析了其成灾原因, 提出了防除对策, 供各地参考。

Nitrite is a common pollutant in aquatic environment, which is also toxic to aquatic organisms. Flounder plays an important role in aquaculture at home and abroad and is widely cultivated intensively. In this paper, the source, toxicity mechanism and toxicity influencing factors of nitrite to aquaculture were reviewed. This paper also discussed the effects of nitrate on tissues and organs, stress response, physiological function, immune response and cell apoptosis of flounder.

为筛选适宜高产需求的水稻品种,并探索其配套栽培技术,本研究开展了中禾优3号等14个杂交水稻品种展示示范试验,对比分析各品种的生育期、抗性和产量等方面表现。结果表明,生育期方面,在当年气候条件下,各参试水稻品种全生育期135~156 d;抗性方面,7个品种发生不同程度倒伏,各品种均未发生稻瘟病、穗颈瘟和纹枯病,另外品种甬优33、甬优69和嘉优8208稻曲病中等发生;产量方面,品种中禾优3号、中禾优6号和嘉禾优726的群体有效穗数较高,属大穗型品种,结实率较高,实际产量分别为13.8、13.1和12.7 t/hm²。综合各品种表现,品种中禾优3号、中禾优6号、嘉禾优726、荃香优89和中禾优5号的产量较高、抗性较好,可作为高产品种在研究区推广种植,并进一步研究其高产栽培技术。

Under the background of vigorously developing characteristic agriculture in our country, rice-shrimp co-culture mode, as an important mode of rice-fish farming,has developed rapidly in recent years. This paper analyzes the current situation and problems of rice-shrimp co-cropping industry in Quanjiao County, Chuzhou City, and puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions. It is hoped that this study can provide a reference for the promotion of rice-shrimp co-culture mode, and help farmers improve their planting and breeding benefits to promote rural revitalization.

果蝇人工饲养是实验教学顺利开展的前提。本文从培养瓶的选择、培养基的配制、果蝇的转接和培养温度的控制4个方面,总结了实验室内果蝇的饲养方法,并对实验用果蝇的保种培养技术进行了探究,以供参考与借鉴。

为了筛选出防治茶树绿盲蝽若虫的有效药剂,指导茶园施药,采用浸叶法测定了7种杀虫剂对茶树绿盲蝽3龄若虫的毒力。结果表明,茚虫威、啶虫脒、吡虫啉、烯啶虫胺、唑虫酰胺、虫螨腈和噻虫嗪对茶树绿盲蝽3龄若虫的致死中浓度LC₅₀值,药剂处理24 h后,分别为78.06、157.85、170.71、278.98、142.60、169.56和560.03 mg/L;药剂处理48 h后,分别为33.73、42.98、50.61、57.67、96.03、100.86和311.09 mg/L。可见,茚虫威的毒力最高,噻虫嗪的毒力最低。该研究可为茶园绿盲蝽的区域性应急防控提供一定的参考依据,对指导茶园科学用药和实现农药减施具有十分重要的意义。

Based on the COI gene sequence, 13 species of Acrossocheilus were analysed. The results showed that the genetic distance between species of Acrossocheilus is more than 0.020 0 except for the genetic distance between A. beijiangensis and A. stenotaeniatus (0.015 7). In the phylogenetic tree, A. beijiangensis and A. stenotaeniatus formed as the same clade, which genetic distance less than the level of species classification. The two species may be the same species with two different names. The genetic distance from A. jishouensis, A. parallens and A.hemispinus protrudated into sister branches in phylogenetic tree, and the genetic distance from both was obviously greater than 0.020 0, which showed that A. jishouensis is an effective specie. A. hemispinus and A. cinctus were distributed in two independent branches of the phylogenetic tree, and the genetic distance between them is larger than that between the species on the same branch, so they should be regarded as two separate species. The results of this study indicate that mitochondrial COI gene sequences are effective for species identification and can be used to explore the phylogeny of Acrossocheilus.

In order to select indica hybrid rice varieties with high safety in Huaihe river's northern area of Jiangsu Province, a comprehensive comparative analysis of 19 hybrid indica rice varieties such as Shenliangyou 8012, including growth period, yield and component factors, lodging resistance, disease resistance and high low temperature tolerance, was conducted in 2022. The results showed that Shenliangyou 8012, Huiliangyou 985 and Gongliangyou-yunongsimiao were safer to plant in Huaihe river's northern area of Jiangsu Province, which had higher yield, higher resistance to disease, lodging and high - low temperature than other varieties.

近年来,皖北地区白术种植经济效益较好,部分地区群众生产积极性较高,由于种植区域相对稳定,导致重茬现象严重。该文从白术来源、分布、适宜的生长环境条件、人工栽培技术、重茬的原因及解决对策进行了初步分析,以期为其在皖北地区种植提供参考。

中药多糖提取物中常含有多种色素而颜色变深,影响多糖活性和分子结构的鉴定。本文综述了常用多糖脱色方法如生物法、活性炭法、过氧化氢法、树脂吸附法等的研究进展,并对未来中药多糖脱色除杂工艺进行了展望。

华航香银针属感温型常规稻、香型丝苗米品种,因其具米质优、口感好、香味浓等特点,深受消费者青睐。通过连续多造栽培研究试验,总结出“苗足肥足、科学控水”高产栽培和病虫绿色防控配套技术,其干谷产量达9 295 kg/hm²,实现了稳产高产和农药减量。该品种熟期适中,丰产性能好,抗逆性强,抗稻瘟病,在丝苗米系列品种中具有明显的比较优势,推广应用前景广。本文总结了华航香银针品种的种植表现及绿色高产栽培技术,为该品种的种植推广提供参考。

为筛选出适合稻虾连作综合种养模式中的杂交中籼稻品种,本研究对臻两优钰占等13个中籼杂交稻品种进行展示比较试验,考察其丰产性和适应性。结果表明,在研究区试验基地中,品种玮两优1019、隆两优1212的产量较高,生育期适中;2个品种均属于多穗型品种,穗型中等、分蘖能力强、株型紧凑、整齐度好且耐肥抗倒、抗病性强、适应性好,有明显的增产优势,综合性状表现好,可作为稻虾连作综合种养模式的虾后稻进行推广种植。

With the increasing focus on healthy eating, resistant starch has become the focus of research in the food industry. Resistant starch is a type of starch that cannot be absorbed by the human stomach and small intestine under normal physiological conditions, but can be fermented into short-chain fatty acids by gut bacteria in the large intestine and indirectly absorbed by the body. Resistant starch can be divided into five types, among which RS3 resistant starch has the advantages of strong satiety, low digestion rate and low glycemic index, and has high application value in the field of food processing. The main methods for preparing RS3 resistant starch include heat treatment, acid method, enzymatic method, microwave method and ultrasonic method, etc. This paper reviews the preparation methods and current applications of RS3 resistant starch in the food industry, aiming to provide references for the research and development of RS3 resistant starch foods.

本文以新疆喀什某驴养殖场一起多发性病例说明驴妊娠毒血症的预防与治疗方法,为养殖户、合作社及基层兽医提供技术参考。

为更好地预测粮食产量,本研究通过河南省统计年鉴收集相关数据,运用灰色关联分析法筛选出关联度较高的影响因素,并结合实际农业生产活动筛选出最终的影响因素。其间利用GM（1,1）预测模型对河南省未来十年粮食产量的影响因素进行预测,建立了NSGM（1,N）预测模型并对河南省粮食产量进行了预测。最终得出科技因素对河南省粮食产量的影响较大,并拟合出河南省2021—2030年的粮食产量呈现平稳增长趋势。

每年9月中旬至10月下旬是安徽农作物收获的时段,秸秆焚烧现象较为普遍。监测人员现场调查可获取秸秆焚烧地点和焚烧程度,但监测规模和力度有限,无法大范围获取焚烧现场状况,从而无法进行有效的治理。卫星遥感技术能够迅速获取大范围的秸秆焚烧火点位置,可对近期秸秆焚烧火点增加情况进行了解,具体分布情况进行分析比对。本文基于MODIS提供的热异常数据以及MCD12Q1土地覆盖数据,通过MRT、ENVI遥感图像处理软件首先对原始数据进行格式转换和投影转换的操作,使其具备投影信息,并将热异常数据和土地覆盖数据转换为同一投影同一基准面下,然后再提取火点和农用地信息,并将两者信息求交集得出最终结果。从而动态监测秸秆焚烧火点的位置信息,便于实施合理高效的禁烧政策。

为了给种植养殖、设施农业及各相关行业抗击强降雪争取更多的准备时间,更早发现将出现的强降雪天气,本文利用常规地面、高空、自动站和再分析资料,对江苏南通有完整气象记录的37次强降雪过程进行分析。结果表明：①大多数过程积雪深度小于10 cm,积雪深度分布差异主要在东西方向,中心绝大多数在西部。②500 hPa高纬西部为阻高或高压脊与高纬东部冷中心、南支槽的组合占大多数,由不同组合模式可以分辨冷暖空气源地、常见还是少见。③中心上升速度绝大多数在-0.5~-0.2 Pa/s,占32/37。④层结方面,850 hPa气温≤-6 ℃的有35个,925 hPa气温≤-4 ℃的有36个;逆温方面,700 hPa与850 hPa气温差≥0 ℃的有32个,700 hPa与925 hPa气温差≥0 ℃的有30个。⑤上游或附近的500 hPa水汽通量中心值可近似为最大积雪深度。

Y两优911是湖南袁创超级稻技术有限公司育成的两系杂交水稻新品种,2021年引入玉林市试种。试种结果表明,Y两优911熟期适宜,矮秆,穗长粒多,丰产性较好,具有较好的推广应用前景,适宜在玉林种植。

The paeoniflorin content in the root of Paeonia lactiflora in different years (1, 2, 3, 4), and the paeoniflorin content in the root of Paeonia lactiflora in different periods of the same year (germination, leaf expansion, flowering, fruit maturity, late withering) were determined to determine the best harvest year and the best harvest time. At the same time, according to the standards provided in the 2015 Chinese Pharmacopoeia, the quality evaluation of paeonia rubra in the nursery of Bayantohai Town, Ewenke Banner was made. The results showed that the content of paeoniflorin was the highest at the age of 4 years, 3.07%; The paeoniflorin content in the root was the highest at the late stage of withering in the same year, which was 3.34%. Therefore, the harvesting year and time of Paeonia lactiflora root are 4 years old and late withering respectively.

机插种植是沿淮区域麦茬稻种植的必然趋势,筛选适宜品种显得尤为重要,选择抗倒性好、抗病性强、高产优质、生育期适中的品种,种植户才能获得较大收益。该研究向有关种子企业征集了22个水稻品种,通过统一栽培模式、田间管理,筛选出适合寿县种植的麦茬稻机插水稻品种18个。

食用菌产量居世界之首,随之产生的大量菌渣如果得不到有效处理将会造成严重的环境污染与资源浪费。为解决食用菌菌渣资源化利用问题,本文通过查阅相关文献和实地调研,分析了食用菌菌渣的主要营养成分,提出目前食用菌菌渣资源化利用的途径主要包括二次栽培、转化为有机肥、制作无土栽培基质、生物修复、饲料加工等。食用菌菌渣资源化利用的难点主要集中在缺乏资源回收利用的意识、利用水平较低、科技支撑能力较弱、机制不健全等几个方面,对此提出了具有针对性的解决策略。实践证明,通过循环农业模式,将食用菌菌渣实现资源化利用,既保护了生态环境,又能够降低农业生产成本,但要实现资源化高效利用,还应重点解决一些实际问题,充分发挥食用菌菌渣循环再利用的价值,推进高效循环农业发展。

高标准农田建设是国家粮食安全、乡村振兴、农业高质量发展的重要抓手, 自2011年以来, 贵州省毕节市高标准农田建设已历经12年。本文介绍了毕节市高标准农田建设工作进展, 总结了工作经验和取得的成效, 分析了高标准农田建设中存在的问题, 并提出了相应的对策建议。

蔗糖酶具有水解酶和转移酶的双重性质,主要用于催化水解蔗糖链中的糖苷键。本文介绍了蔗糖酶的来源和分类,以酸性酶和碱性酶为代表,分别阐述了两种酶的结构和催化水解蔗糖的机理,并综述了蔗糖酶在工业上的应用,为进一步拓宽蔗糖酶在食品工业中的应用范围提供参考。

沿淮柳编作为非物质文化遗产,对淮河流域文化传承和经济发展发挥着重要作用。本文介绍了我国柳编的分布及发展概况,分析了沿淮柳编产业的发展现状及存在的问题,并对柳编产业发展进行了展望,为沿淮柳编产业发展提供参考。

阜阳恋思萝卜是安徽阜阳地方特色品种,近年来该品种退化严重,品质参差不齐,亟须改善。甲基磺酸乙酯（EMS）被广泛用于常见作物的诱发突变育种,本试验用不同浓度的EMS（0、0.2％、0.4％、0.6％、0.8％）对阜阳恋思萝卜进行浸种处理,处理时间分别为4、6和8 h,研究EMS对阜阳恋思萝卜种子发芽势、发芽率诱变效应。试验结果表明,随着EMS浓度（0.2%~0.8%）的增加,阜阳恋思萝卜种子发芽率呈下降趋势,抑制作用明显,在同一EMS浓度下,随着处理时间的增加,阜阳恋思萝卜种子的发芽率呈降低趋势,且萌发时间延迟。本试验确定EMS处理阜阳恋思萝卜种子的适宜浓度为0.6%,处理时间为6 h。

目的研究皖北地区施用不同类型肥料、不同氮肥运筹下植株养分含量与小麦产量的关系,探讨不同类型肥料的施用效果,为皖北地区冬小麦优质高效生产提供数据支撑和理论基础。方法以济麦22为材料,采用大田裂区试验,设置控释肥CLF、含腐殖酸肥料HAF及新硫4S复合肥料CF 3种肥料处理,在养分供应量相同一次性基施的条件下,另追施3个氮肥水平,分别为N₀（不追肥）、N₁（追施75 kg/hm²）、N₂（追施150 kg/hm²）,分析不同肥料处理对小麦干物质转运、植株养分吸收和小麦产量的影响。结果①在不追肥情况下,CF作为基肥时小麦产量最高,为8 163.94 kg/hm²,较其他肥料产量增幅在0.4%~15.1%。②分析追施不同氮梯度对小麦产量的影响,CF+ N₂处理下穗数、穗粒数、千粒重较多,产量最高,为8 709.66 kg/hm²。③随着追氮量的增加,小麦花后干物质积累量和养分含量也呈递增趋势。结论综合来看,CF肥料对提高小麦产量和施肥效益的效果最明显。在本试验条件下,追肥水平为150 kg/hm²、基肥为新硫4S复合肥料的小麦产量最高。

济花501是以甜花生冀花甜1号为母本,小果型高产新品种济花1202为父本,通过人工授粉杂交、系统选育培育出的鲜食型高甜小花生新品种。该品种株型直立,连续开花,结果集中,荚果普通型,籽仁柱形。籽仁含油量42.40%,蛋白质含量30.63%,油酸含量36.96%,亚油酸含量40.23%,蔗糖8.76%,出米率为73.2%。于2019年通过国家非主要农作物品种登记,登记编号：GPD花生（2019）370132。该品种适宜在山东花生产区春播、夏直播种植。该文介绍了济花501的选育过程、生物学特性及栽培技术,以期为鲜食型高甜花生的推广应用提供科学依据。

Objective: Investigate the effects of macroporous resin dosage, decolorization temperature, and decolorization time on the decolorization rate and polysaccharide retention rate of Lycopus lucidus Turcz polysaccharides. Mothod: On the basis of a single factor experiment, the comprehensive scores of decolorization rate and polysaccharide retention rate were used as response values. The response surface methodology was used to optimize the process of removing Lycopus lucidus Turcz polysaccharide pigments with macroporous resin and explore the antioxidant activity of Lycopus lucidus Turcz polysaccharides. Results: The optimal decolorization process for macroporous tree ester of Lycopus lucidus Turcz polysaccharides was as follows: 100 mL of Lycopus lucidus Turcz polysaccharide solution with a mass concentration of 6 mg/mL, 3 g of fully swollen macroporous tree ester added, decolorization temperature 45 ℃, decolorization for 3 hours, and decolorization once. Under these conditions, the decolorization rate of polysaccharides is 82.64%, the retention rate of polysaccharides is 72.06%, and the comprehensive score is 82.15. The relative error with the theoretical comprehensive score (83.34) is 1.43%. When the mass concentration of local Lycopus lucidus Turcz polysaccharides is 0.5 mg/mL, the clearance rate of ABTS free radicals reaches 44.28%. Conclusion: The decolorization process of macroporous tree esters of Lycopus lucidus Turcz polysaccharides optimized by response surface methodology is stable and feasible, and Lycopus lucidus Turcz polysaccharides have good antioxidant activity and can be developed and utilized as natural antioxidants.

Digital villages construction is a concrete action to enforce the rural revitalization strategy, a necessary initiative to release digital dividends to generate endogenous strength for rural development. This paper analyzes the main progress and constraints of digital village construction in Lu'an City, constructs the selection matrix of digital village construction mode from the two-dimensional perspective of professionalism and public welfare based on the three subjects of government, rural collective and market entity, and analyzes the specific practice in Lu'an City. Finally, the paper proposes the realization paths of strengthening the digital infrastructure construction by the government, promoting the integrated development of rural industries through the cooperation of rural collectives and enterprises, promoting the cooperation of government and enterprises in the digitalization of rural governance, and strengthening the digitalization of rural life through digital services.